Islamic Press in Surakarta (914-1926): A Study of Medan Moeslimin and Islam Bergerak
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Published:
Mar 1, 2023
Keywords:
Islamic Press, Medan Moeslimin, Islam Bergerak, Hadji Misbach
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Abstract
This study describes the changing function of two Islamic presses, namely Medan Moeslimin and Islam Bergerak, in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, in the transition of the 19th and 20th centuries. By historical methods through newspaper archival sources, the study produced conclusions; first, these two media were initially used as a means to “defend Islam” from some articles in the media that blasphemed Islam and, at the same time, straightened it out. In addition, the two Islamic media became an alternative source of Islamic scholarship, especially among reformist-modernist Muslims. Second, the two media were loaded with ideological interests. In their development, they had shifted their orientation from “defenders of Islam” to defenders of the spirit of nationality and universal humanity. Third, the change in orientation was inseparable from the critical role of Hadji Mohammad Misbach (1876-1926), the owner and manager of the two media, who experienced an ideological shift from orthodox Muslim towards socialist and nationalist one at once.
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Ali, Nor Huda, Moh. Ashif Fuadi, Moh. Mahbub, and Kamila Adnani. “Islamic Press in Surakarta (914-1926): A Study of Medan Moeslimin and Islam Bergerak”. Islamica: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 17, no. 2 (March 1, 2023): 214-243. Accessed May 13, 2024. https://islamica.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/islamica/article/view/997.
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References
1. Archives
“Persatoean Islam-Bergerak dan Doenia-Baroe djadi Ra’jat-Bergerak.” Medan Moeslimin (No. 18/IX, 15 September 1923), 319-20.
“Soa’l Djawab.” Medan Moeslimin (No. 13/X, 1 Juli 1924), 203.
”Verslag dari Indiers Journalisten Congress pada hari Minggoe tanggal 9 Maart 1919 di Societeit Mangkoenegaran Soerakarta.” Sinar Hindia (No. 49 Tahoen XX, Senen 11 Maart 1919).
Hadji Misbach, “Seroean Kita.” Medan Moeslimin (IV, 1819).
Islam Bergerak (No. 4, Kamis 1 Februari 1917 and No. 5, Sabtoe 10 Februari 1917).
Kolonial Verslag (1913, appendix RR); Kolonial Verslag (1920, appendix GG); Kolonial Verslag (1923, appendix GG).
Medan Bergerak (No. 17/II, edisi Kamis, 24 April 1924).
Medan Moeslimin (No. 5/XI, 5 Maret 1925/9 Roewah Tahoen Dal 1343).
Medan Moeslimin (No. 5/XI, edisi 5 Maret 1925).
Sr. K. [Sosroekoernio]. “Pemandangan.” Sarotomo (No. 7/VI, Kamis 23 September 1915).
Sri-Diponegoro (No. 16, Senin 29 April 1919).
Rangsang. “Tjatatan.” Sinar Hindia (No. 139/25, Djoemaat, 4 Juli 1924).
2. Books and articles
Adam, Ahmat B. The Vernacular Press and the Emergence of Modern Indonesian Consciousness (1855-1913). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1995.
Alfian. Pemikiran dan Perubahan Politik Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1983.
Ali, Nor Huda. “Wacana Islamisme dan Komunisme: Melacak Genealogi Intelektual Hadji Mohammad Misbach (1876-1926).” Ph.D Thesis--Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2012.
Anderson, Benedict. “Language, Fantasy, Revolution: Java 1900-1950.” Making Indonesia: Essays on Modern Indonesia in Honor of George McT. Kahin, ed.Daniel S. Lev and Ruth McVey. Ithaca, New York: Southeast Asia Program Cornell University, 1996.
-----. Imagined Communities: Komunitas-komunitas Terbayang, translated by Omi Intan Naomi from Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Yogyakarta: Insist dan Pustaka Pelajar, 2002.
Anis, M. Junus. Riwayat Hidup H. Fachrodin. Jogjakarta: Persatuan, 1969.
Burhanudin, Jajat. “The Fragmentation of Religious Authority: Islamic Print Media in Early 20th Century Indonesia.” Studia Islamika: Indonesian Journal for Islamic Studies, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2004.
Cahyono, Edi. “Gelanggang Politik Gerakan Buruh di Hindia Belanda: Sebuah Pengantar.” Jaman Bergerak di Hindia Belanda: Mosaik Bacaan Kaoem Pergerakan Tempo Doeloe. Jakarta: Yayasan Pancur Siwah, 2003.
Cribb, Robert. Historical Atlas of Indonesian. Curzon Press, 2000.
Hiqmah, Nor. H.M. Misbach: Sosok dan Kontroversi Pemikirannya. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Litera Indonesia, 2000.
Korver, A. P. E. Sarekat Islam Gerakan Ratu Adil? Jakarta: Grafitipers, 1985.
Kuntowijoyo. Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana, 2013.
Laffan, Michael F. Islamic Nationhood and Colonial Indonesia: The Umma Below the Winds. London and New York: Routledge-Curzon, 2003.
Latif, Yudi. Inteligensia Inteligensia Muslim dan Kuasa: Genealogi Inteligensia Muslim Indonesia Abad ke-19. Bandung: Mizan, 2005.
Lombard, Dennys. Nusa Jawa Silang Budaya, Kajian Sejarah Terpadu; Bagian I: Batas-batas Pembaratan, translated by Winarsih Partaningrat Arifin et al. from Le Carrefour Javanais, Essai d’Historia Globale; I. Lelimited de l’Occidentalisation). Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2000.
Madjid, Nurcholish. Indonesia Kita. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2004.
Mrazek, Rudolf. Engineers of Happy Land: Perkembangan Teknologi dan Nasionalisme di sebuah Koloni, translated by Hermojo from Engineers of Happy Land: Technological Developments and Nationalism in a Colony. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2006.
Pawito. “Meneliti Ideologi Media: Catatan Singkat.” Jurnal Komunikasi Profetik, Vol. 7, No. 1 (April 2014).
Pringgodigdo, A.K. Sejarah Pergerakan Rakyat Indonesia. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat, 1991.
Ridwan, M. Deden. “Tempo dan Gerakan Neo-Modernisme Islam Indonesia.” Artikulasi Islam Kultural: dari Tahapan Moral ke Periode Sejarah, ed. Asep Gunawan. Jakarta: Srigunting, 2004.
Sariyatun. “Usaha Batik Masyarakat Cina di Surakarta Tahun 1900-1930-” Master Thesis--Gadjah Mada Univeristy Yogyakarta, 2001.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Tafsir al-Misbah: Pesan, Kesan, dan Keserasian Alqur’an, Vol. 14. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2006.
Shiraishi, Takashi. An Age in Motion: Popular Radicalism in Java, 1912-1926. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1990.
Suwirta, Andi. “Zaman Pergerakan, Pers, dan Nasionalisme di Indonesia.” Mimbar Pendidikan, No. 04 (1999).
Thian Joe, Liem. Riwayat Semarang, cetakan kedua. Jakarta: Hasta Wahana, 2004.
Tim Penulis Kompas. Beberapa Segi Perkembangan Sejarah Pers di Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2002.
Van Miert, Hans. Dengan Semangat Berkorbar: Nasionalisme dan Gerakan Pemuda di Indonesia, 1918-1930, translated by Sudewo Satiman from Een Koel Hoofd En Een Warm Hart: Nationalieme, Javanisme en Jeugdbeweging in Nederlands-Indie, 1918-1930. Jakarta: KITLV dan Hasta Mitra, 2003.
“Persatoean Islam-Bergerak dan Doenia-Baroe djadi Ra’jat-Bergerak.” Medan Moeslimin (No. 18/IX, 15 September 1923), 319-20.
“Soa’l Djawab.” Medan Moeslimin (No. 13/X, 1 Juli 1924), 203.
”Verslag dari Indiers Journalisten Congress pada hari Minggoe tanggal 9 Maart 1919 di Societeit Mangkoenegaran Soerakarta.” Sinar Hindia (No. 49 Tahoen XX, Senen 11 Maart 1919).
Hadji Misbach, “Seroean Kita.” Medan Moeslimin (IV, 1819).
Islam Bergerak (No. 4, Kamis 1 Februari 1917 and No. 5, Sabtoe 10 Februari 1917).
Kolonial Verslag (1913, appendix RR); Kolonial Verslag (1920, appendix GG); Kolonial Verslag (1923, appendix GG).
Medan Bergerak (No. 17/II, edisi Kamis, 24 April 1924).
Medan Moeslimin (No. 5/XI, 5 Maret 1925/9 Roewah Tahoen Dal 1343).
Medan Moeslimin (No. 5/XI, edisi 5 Maret 1925).
Sr. K. [Sosroekoernio]. “Pemandangan.” Sarotomo (No. 7/VI, Kamis 23 September 1915).
Sri-Diponegoro (No. 16, Senin 29 April 1919).
Rangsang. “Tjatatan.” Sinar Hindia (No. 139/25, Djoemaat, 4 Juli 1924).
2. Books and articles
Adam, Ahmat B. The Vernacular Press and the Emergence of Modern Indonesian Consciousness (1855-1913). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1995.
Alfian. Pemikiran dan Perubahan Politik Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1983.
Ali, Nor Huda. “Wacana Islamisme dan Komunisme: Melacak Genealogi Intelektual Hadji Mohammad Misbach (1876-1926).” Ph.D Thesis--Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2012.
Anderson, Benedict. “Language, Fantasy, Revolution: Java 1900-1950.” Making Indonesia: Essays on Modern Indonesia in Honor of George McT. Kahin, ed.Daniel S. Lev and Ruth McVey. Ithaca, New York: Southeast Asia Program Cornell University, 1996.
-----. Imagined Communities: Komunitas-komunitas Terbayang, translated by Omi Intan Naomi from Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Yogyakarta: Insist dan Pustaka Pelajar, 2002.
Anis, M. Junus. Riwayat Hidup H. Fachrodin. Jogjakarta: Persatuan, 1969.
Burhanudin, Jajat. “The Fragmentation of Religious Authority: Islamic Print Media in Early 20th Century Indonesia.” Studia Islamika: Indonesian Journal for Islamic Studies, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2004.
Cahyono, Edi. “Gelanggang Politik Gerakan Buruh di Hindia Belanda: Sebuah Pengantar.” Jaman Bergerak di Hindia Belanda: Mosaik Bacaan Kaoem Pergerakan Tempo Doeloe. Jakarta: Yayasan Pancur Siwah, 2003.
Cribb, Robert. Historical Atlas of Indonesian. Curzon Press, 2000.
Hiqmah, Nor. H.M. Misbach: Sosok dan Kontroversi Pemikirannya. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Litera Indonesia, 2000.
Korver, A. P. E. Sarekat Islam Gerakan Ratu Adil? Jakarta: Grafitipers, 1985.
Kuntowijoyo. Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana, 2013.
Laffan, Michael F. Islamic Nationhood and Colonial Indonesia: The Umma Below the Winds. London and New York: Routledge-Curzon, 2003.
Latif, Yudi. Inteligensia Inteligensia Muslim dan Kuasa: Genealogi Inteligensia Muslim Indonesia Abad ke-19. Bandung: Mizan, 2005.
Lombard, Dennys. Nusa Jawa Silang Budaya, Kajian Sejarah Terpadu; Bagian I: Batas-batas Pembaratan, translated by Winarsih Partaningrat Arifin et al. from Le Carrefour Javanais, Essai d’Historia Globale; I. Lelimited de l’Occidentalisation). Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2000.
Madjid, Nurcholish. Indonesia Kita. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2004.
Mrazek, Rudolf. Engineers of Happy Land: Perkembangan Teknologi dan Nasionalisme di sebuah Koloni, translated by Hermojo from Engineers of Happy Land: Technological Developments and Nationalism in a Colony. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 2006.
Pawito. “Meneliti Ideologi Media: Catatan Singkat.” Jurnal Komunikasi Profetik, Vol. 7, No. 1 (April 2014).
Pringgodigdo, A.K. Sejarah Pergerakan Rakyat Indonesia. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat, 1991.
Ridwan, M. Deden. “Tempo dan Gerakan Neo-Modernisme Islam Indonesia.” Artikulasi Islam Kultural: dari Tahapan Moral ke Periode Sejarah, ed. Asep Gunawan. Jakarta: Srigunting, 2004.
Sariyatun. “Usaha Batik Masyarakat Cina di Surakarta Tahun 1900-1930-” Master Thesis--Gadjah Mada Univeristy Yogyakarta, 2001.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Tafsir al-Misbah: Pesan, Kesan, dan Keserasian Alqur’an, Vol. 14. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2006.
Shiraishi, Takashi. An Age in Motion: Popular Radicalism in Java, 1912-1926. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1990.
Suwirta, Andi. “Zaman Pergerakan, Pers, dan Nasionalisme di Indonesia.” Mimbar Pendidikan, No. 04 (1999).
Thian Joe, Liem. Riwayat Semarang, cetakan kedua. Jakarta: Hasta Wahana, 2004.
Tim Penulis Kompas. Beberapa Segi Perkembangan Sejarah Pers di Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2002.
Van Miert, Hans. Dengan Semangat Berkorbar: Nasionalisme dan Gerakan Pemuda di Indonesia, 1918-1930, translated by Sudewo Satiman from Een Koel Hoofd En Een Warm Hart: Nationalieme, Javanisme en Jeugdbeweging in Nederlands-Indie, 1918-1930. Jakarta: KITLV dan Hasta Mitra, 2003.