The Perpetuation of Identity and Symbolic Resistance of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia after the Official Disbandment in 2017
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Published:
Mar 1, 2021
Keywords:
Identity, depersonalization, strategy, symbolic resistance, perpetuation
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Abstract
The Government of Indonesia has legally revoked the legal status of the Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) organization, yet thousands of HTI members have embraced strong group identities and systematic resistance strategies. This article reveals the effectiveness of the Government’s efforts and their impact on the sustainability or discontinuity of the HTI movement. Based on qualitative data extracted from field research in Gorontalo in 2018 and the theory of identity and resistance, this article reveals the collective identity of the HTI group, models of resistance, and change of space and strategy the members made after the disbandment of the organization. The official revocation has encouraged activists to take symbolic resistance through limited religious circles on campus and in villages, the use of various socio-religious activities in the community, and a door-to-door visit. The dominant narrative of the true meaning of Islam and the discipline of the five daily prayers has made this organization remains accepted in society even though it has been formally disbanded. The pattern of perpetuating ideology, narrative and organizational idealism is carried out through integrating or transforming other organizations; returning to the previous organization which is theologically not in conflict with HTI; applying HTI thoughts and ideology in the organizations they join currently; or leaving out formally from the HTI organization and operate HTI thoughts and ideology in individual life.
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Rohmaniyah, Inayah. “The Perpetuation of Identity and Symbolic Resistance of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia After the Official Disbandment in 2017”. Islamica: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 15, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 159-194. Accessed April 20, 2024. https://islamica.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/islamica/article/view/829.
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References
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Center for Religious and Cross Cultural Studies (CRCS), “Haruskah HTI Dibubarkan?,” Berita, at https://crcs.ugm.ac.id/haruskah-hti-dibubarkan/ accessed on May 5, 2020.
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-----. “Radikalisme Agama dan Politik Demokrasi di Indonesia Pasca-Orde Baru,” MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2015.
Hizbut Tahrir. Strategi Dakwah Hizbut Tahrir. Bogor: Pustaka Thariqul Izzah, 2000
-----. Struktur Negara Khilafah: Pemerintahan dan Administrasi. Jakarta: HTI Press, 2008.
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http://www.tribunnews.com/metropolitan/2015/12/16/aksi-damai-muslimah-hti-untuk-palestina.
https://www.panjimas.com/citizens/2017/02/21/khilafah-dan-pendidikan-menghidupkan-kembali-masa-keemasan/
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Muhtadi, Burhanuddin. “The Quest for Hizbut Tahrir in Indonesia,” Asian Journal of Social Science, Vol. 37, No. 4, 2009.
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Nurjannah. “Faktor Pemicu Munculnya Radikalisme Islam Atas Nama Dakwah,” Jurnal Dakwah: Media Komunikasi dan Dakwah, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2013.
Redaksi. “Strategi Perjuangan ‘Khilafah’ Pasca Pembubaran HTI, Waspadalah!,” Suara Islam, at http://www.suaraislam.co/strategi-perjuangan-khilafah-pasca-pembubaran-hti/ accessed on June 22, 2018.
Rodhi, Muhammad Muhsin. Tsaqofah dan Metode Hizbut Tahrir dalam Mendirikan Negara Khilafah. Bogor: Al Azhar, 2012.
Scott, James C. Domination and the Arts of Resistence: Hidden Transcipt. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1990.
-----. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven: Yale University, 1985.
Sinaga, Dames Alexander et al. “Gov’t Officially Disbands Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia,” Jakarta Globe (July 19, 2017), at https://jakartaglobe.id/context/govt-officially-disbandsHizbut-tahrir-indonesia accessed on February 16, 2021.
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Triantini, Zusiana Elly and Masnun Tahir. “Terpasung tak Terasa (Melihat Eksistensi Politik Perempuan HTI),” UNISIA, Vol. 32, No. 71, 2009.
Umar, Ahmad Rizky Mardhatillah. “Melacak Akar Radikalisme Islam di Indonesia,” Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2010.
Wahid, Abdurrahman. “Musuh dalam Selimut,” in Ilusi Negara Islam Ekspansi Gerakan Islam Transnasional di Indonesia. Jakarta: The Wahid Institute, 2009.
Wahid Foundation. “A Measure of The Extent of Socio-religious Intolerance and Radicalism within Muslim Society in Indonesia,” National Survey Report, 2016.
-----. “Akar Sejarah Gerakan Radikalisme di Indonesia,” at http://wahidfoundation.org/index.php/news/detail/Akar-Sejarah-Gerakan-Radikalisme-di-Indonesia acces-sed on May 22, 2020.
Waluyo, Sapto. Kebangkitan Politik Dakwah. Bandung: Harakatuna Publishing, 2005.
Zuraya, Nidia. “Syekh Taqiyuddin al-Nabhani: Sang Pendidi Hizbut Tahrir,” Republika, published on November 18, 2018 at republika.co.id.
Interviews:
Afan (pseudonym). Gorontalo, October 19, 2018.
Dara (pseudonym). Gorontalo, October 17, 2018.
Laila. Gorontalo, October 18, 2018.
Lala (pseudonym). Gorontalo, October 19, 2018.
Syamsi. Gorontalo, November 18, 2018.
Abdullah, Anzar. “Gerakan Radikalisme dalam Islam: Perspektif Historis,” ADDIN: Media Dialektika Ilmu Islam, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2016.
Abdullah, Kurniawan. “Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (Gerakan Politik Islam Ekstra-Parlementer),” in Imam Tholkhah and Neng Dara Afifah, Gerakan Keislaman Pasca-Orde Baru, Upaya Merambah Dimensi Baru Islam. Jakarta: Balitbang & Diklat Keagamaan Depag, 2005.
Ahyar, Muzayyin. “Membaca Gerakan Islam Radikal dan Deradikalisasi Gerakan Islam,” Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan, Vol 23, No. 1, 2015.
Asrori, Ahmad. “Radikalisme di Indonesia: Antara Historisitas dan Antropisitas,” KīALAM, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2015.
Burke, Peter J. and Jan E. Stets, Identity Theory. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Center for Religious and Cross Cultural Studies (CRCS), “Haruskah HTI Dibubarkan?,” Berita, at https://crcs.ugm.ac.id/haruskah-hti-dibubarkan/ accessed on May 5, 2020.
Editorial. “Tanggapi Data Mahfud MD di ILC, Mantan HTI Jelaskan Jumlah Anggota HTI Hanya Segini,” Duta Islam, at https://www.dutaislam.com/2018/06/tanggapi-data-mahfud-md-di-ilc-mantan-hti-jelaskan-jumlah-anggota-hti-hanya-segini.html accessed on June 08, 2018.
Firdaus, Muhammad. “Pola Komunikasi Aktivis HTI dalam Mengembangkan Dakwah Islam,” Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, Vol. 8, No. 3, June 2018.
Focussed group discussion. Gorontalo, October 17, 2018.
Hilmy, Masdar. “Akar-Akar Transnasionalisme Islam Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI),” ISLAMICA: Jurnal Studi Keislaman, Vol. 6, No. 1, September 2011.
-----. “Radikalisme Agama dan Politik Demokrasi di Indonesia Pasca-Orde Baru,” MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2015.
Hizbut Tahrir. Strategi Dakwah Hizbut Tahrir. Bogor: Pustaka Thariqul Izzah, 2000
-----. Struktur Negara Khilafah: Pemerintahan dan Administrasi. Jakarta: HTI Press, 2008.
Hogg, Michael A. et al. “The Social Identity Pespective: Intergroup Relations, Self-Conception, and Small Groups,” Small Group Research, Vol. 35, No. 3, 2004.
http://www.tribunnews.com/metropolitan/2015/12/16/aksi-damai-muslimah-hti-untuk-palestina.
https://www.panjimas.com/citizens/2017/02/21/khilafah-dan-pendidikan-menghidupkan-kembali-masa-keemasan/
Jasso, Guillermina. Identity, Social Identity, Comparison, and Status: Four Theories with a Common Core. New York: New York University, 2002.
Jenkins, Richard. Social Identities. London: Routledge, 2004.
Khotimah, Khusnul and M. Abdul Karim. “Hizbut Tahrir sebagai Gerakan Sosial (Pengaruh Hizbut Tahrir di Timur Tengah Terhadap HTI di Indonesia).” Master Thesis--Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2012.
Kompas.com. “Kemenkumham: Pembubaran HTI Berdasarkan Data dan Fakta,” at https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2017/07/19/10553011/kemenkumham--pembubaran-hti-berdasarkan-data-dan-fakta?page=all accessed on October 21, 2017.
Madjid, Nurcholish. “In Search of Islamic Roots for Modern Pluralism: The Indonesian Experiences,” in Mark Woodward (ed.), Toward a New Paradigm; Recent Developments in Indonesian Islamic Thoughts. Temple, Arizona: Arizona State University, 1996.
Marcoes, Lies et al. Kesaksian Para Pengabdi: Kajian tentang Perempuan dan Fundamentalisme di Indonesia. Jakarta: Rumah Kitab in cooperation with Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, 2014.
Markas Besar Tentara Nasional Indonesia Pusat Pengkajian Strategis. Menghidupkan Kembali Kekhalifahan di Nusantara: Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI), Strategi Mobilisasi dan dampaknya Bagi Indonesia. Jakarta: Mabes TNI, 2010.
Muhtadi, Burhanuddin. “The Quest for Hizbut Tahrir in Indonesia,” Asian Journal of Social Science, Vol. 37, No. 4, 2009.
Mulyono, GP and GP Mulyoto. “Radikalisme Agama di Indoensia (Ditinjau dari Sudut Pandang Sosiologi Kenegaraan),” Citizenship: Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2017.
Nurjannah. “Faktor Pemicu Munculnya Radikalisme Islam Atas Nama Dakwah,” Jurnal Dakwah: Media Komunikasi dan Dakwah, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2013.
Redaksi. “Strategi Perjuangan ‘Khilafah’ Pasca Pembubaran HTI, Waspadalah!,” Suara Islam, at http://www.suaraislam.co/strategi-perjuangan-khilafah-pasca-pembubaran-hti/ accessed on June 22, 2018.
Rodhi, Muhammad Muhsin. Tsaqofah dan Metode Hizbut Tahrir dalam Mendirikan Negara Khilafah. Bogor: Al Azhar, 2012.
Scott, James C. Domination and the Arts of Resistence: Hidden Transcipt. New Haven & London: Yale University Press, 1990.
-----. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven: Yale University, 1985.
Sinaga, Dames Alexander et al. “Gov’t Officially Disbands Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia,” Jakarta Globe (July 19, 2017), at https://jakartaglobe.id/context/govt-officially-disbandsHizbut-tahrir-indonesia accessed on February 16, 2021.
Taib, Sukrin Saleh. “Demokrasi Menurut Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (Kajian tentang Konsep Pemikiran dan Gerakan Aktivis Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia Kota Gorontalo).” Ph.D Thesis--UIN Alauddin Makassar, 2013.
Triantini, Zusiana Elly and Masnun Tahir. “Terpasung tak Terasa (Melihat Eksistensi Politik Perempuan HTI),” UNISIA, Vol. 32, No. 71, 2009.
Umar, Ahmad Rizky Mardhatillah. “Melacak Akar Radikalisme Islam di Indonesia,” Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2010.
Wahid, Abdurrahman. “Musuh dalam Selimut,” in Ilusi Negara Islam Ekspansi Gerakan Islam Transnasional di Indonesia. Jakarta: The Wahid Institute, 2009.
Wahid Foundation. “A Measure of The Extent of Socio-religious Intolerance and Radicalism within Muslim Society in Indonesia,” National Survey Report, 2016.
-----. “Akar Sejarah Gerakan Radikalisme di Indonesia,” at http://wahidfoundation.org/index.php/news/detail/Akar-Sejarah-Gerakan-Radikalisme-di-Indonesia acces-sed on May 22, 2020.
Waluyo, Sapto. Kebangkitan Politik Dakwah. Bandung: Harakatuna Publishing, 2005.
Zuraya, Nidia. “Syekh Taqiyuddin al-Nabhani: Sang Pendidi Hizbut Tahrir,” Republika, published on November 18, 2018 at republika.co.id.
Interviews:
Afan (pseudonym). Gorontalo, October 19, 2018.
Dara (pseudonym). Gorontalo, October 17, 2018.
Laila. Gorontalo, October 18, 2018.
Lala (pseudonym). Gorontalo, October 19, 2018.
Syamsi. Gorontalo, November 18, 2018.