Niẓām al-Mulk dan Kontribusinya terhadap Pemikiran Politik Islam
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article seeks to explore Niẓām al-Mulk’s political career and his contribution to Islamic political thought. As a prominent wazīr of two Seljuq sultans, Alp Arslan and Malikshah, Niẓām al-Mulk played an important role in running the government for almost 30 years. His adherence to Sunni theological doctrines and Shafi'i school of law has made him a defender of Sunnism against other sects like Ismailism. As a political figure and thinker, Niẓām al-Mulk regarded justice and religion as a fundamental basis for the state. In Siyāsat-nāma, he elaborates many political bodies needed to build a strong state and government, such as wazīr, qādī, tax collectors, military, and intelligent agency. It can be argued that Niẓām al-Mulk’s political thought as formulated in his work, Siyāsat-nāma (the Book of Government), is based on his political and governmental experiences, his understanding of Islamic doctrines, and Persian political traditions.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Brockleman, Karl. T?r?kh al-Shu‘?b al-Isl?m?yah. Beirut: D?r a-‘Ilm, 1974.
Browne, E.G. A Literary History of Persia, Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1964.
Bulliet, R.W. “The Political-Religious History of Nishapur in The Eleventh Century”, dalam D.H. Richards (ed.), Islamic Civilization 950-1150. London: Cassirer, 1973.
Farr?’ (al), Ab? Ya‘l?. al-Ah}k?m al-Sult}?n?yah. Beirut: D?r al-Fikr, 1994.
H{ilm?, Ah}mad Kam?l al-D?n. al-Sal?jiqah f? al-T?r?kh wa al-H{ad}?rah. Kuwait: D?r al-Buh}?th al-‘Ilm?yah, t.th.
Hitti, Phillip K. History of the Arabs from the Earliest Times to the Present. London: Macmillan, 1967.
Hodgson, Marshal G.S. The Venture of Islam II. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1974.
Ibn al-Ath?r. al-K?mil f? al-T?r?kh, Vol. 10. Beirut: t.tp, 1966.
Lambton, A.K.S. “The Dilemma of Government in Islamic Persia: The Siyasat Nama of Nizam al-Mulk,” Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, Vol. 22, 1984.
Mah}m?d, H{asan Ah}mad dan Ah}mad Ibr?h?m al-Shar?f, al-‘?lam al-Isl?m f? al-‘Ashr al-‘Abb?s?. Kairo: D?r al-Fikr al-‘Arab?, 1977.
Maward? (al), Ab? al-H{asan ‘Al? b. Muh}ammad b. H{abib. al-Ah}k?m al-Sult}?n?yah wa al-Wil?y?t al-D?n?yah. Beirut: D?r al-Fikr, 1960.
Mulk (al), Niz}?m. The Book of Government, terj. Hubert Darke. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1960.
Rizvi, S. Rizwan Ali. “Niz?m al-Mulk T?s?: Not A Politician but A Statesman”, Hamdard Islamicus, Vol. 3, No. 4, 1980.
Rizvi, S. Rizwan Ali. Nizam al-Mulk Tusi: His Contribution to Statecraft, Political Theory and the Art of Government. Lahore: SH Muhammad Ashraf, 1978.
Shalab?, Ah}mad. Maws?‘at at-T?r?kh al-Isl?m? wa al-H{?d}?rah al-Isl?m?yah. Kairo: Maktabah al-Nahd}ah al-Mis}r?yah, 1978.
Sherwani, Haroon Khan. Studies in Muslim Political Thought and Administration, terj. M. Arief Lubis. Jakarta: Tintamas, 1964.
Sou’yb, Jousouf. Sejarah Daulat Abbasiyyah III. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1978.
T?j al-D?n al-Subk?, T{abaqat al-Sh?fi‘?yah al-Kubr?. Kairo: al-H{alab?, 1966.
Watt, W. Montgomery. Pemikiran Teologi dan Filsafat Islam, terj. Umar Basalim. Jakarta: P3M, 1987.